Reported: Socket extenders (weapon, armor and shield, Normal and Superior) are in the 4.55 item data, but nothing on the server uses them to add a socket to an item.
Found: a socket extender is not an upgrade item. The 4.55 client uses it in the item combination window: the extender and the item go in together, and the combination recipe for that pair gives the same item back with one more socket and the same talics. Those recipes were already handled, so an extender placed in the combination window already added a socket.
The recipes themselves decide which kind of item each extender fits, the socket range, and the seven-socket maximum. Each recipe names the exact sockets and talics the item must have. The server checked the item but not its sockets and talics, so a recipe meant for an item with fewer sockets could accept one with more and give back fewer sockets than it had.
Fix: combination now checks the item's sockets and talics against the recipe, as the original server and the client do. An item the extender does not cover, or one that already has 7 sockets, is refused and nothing is used up. This ships in the next RF 4.55 update.
Some extenders that are new in 4.55 (the event, D-class and some Superior ones) still cannot be combined, because the 4.55 client carries no result for their recipes.